【六期】数字识别-获取关键数字内容
让天涯 发布于2019-11 浏览:3972 回复:0
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一、功能介绍

对图像中的阿拉伯数字进行识别提取,适用于快递单号、手机号、充值码提取等场景。

二、应用场景

快递面单识别
使用数字识别技术,对快递面单、物流单据、外卖小票中的电话号码进行识别和提取,大幅度提升收货人信息的录入效率,方便进行收件通知,同时可识别纯数字形式的快递三段码,有效提升快件分拣速度。
仪表读数识别
使用数字识别技术,对各类仪器仪表的读数进行识别和提取,可应用于对仪器仪表读数具有定时记录、数据统计、实时监控等需求的场景,有效降低人工录入成本,控制仪器使用风险。
三、使用攻略

说明:本文采用C# 语言,开发环境为.Net Core 2.2,采用在线API接口方式实现,需要用到 SixLabors.ImageSharp 和 SixLabors.ImageSharp.Drawing NuGet 程序包来对图片进行画框标识。

(1)平台接入
登陆 百度智能云-管理中心 创建 “文字识别”应用,获取 “API Key ”和 “Secret Key”:https://console.bce.baidu.com/ai/?_=1574823891186#/ai/ocr/overview/index

(2)接口文档

文档地址:https://ai.baidu.com/docs#/OCR-API-Numbers/top

接口描述:

对图像中的阿拉伯数字进行识别提取,适用于快递单号、手机号、充值码提取等场景。

请求说明

HTTP方法:POST
请求URL:https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/ocr/v1/numbers
URL参数:

Header如下:

Body中放置请求参数,参数详情如下:
请求参数

返回说明
返回参数

返回示例:

{
    "log_id": 620759800,
    "words_result": [
        {
            "location": {
                "left": 56,
                "top": 0,
                "width": 21,
                "height": 210
            },
            "words": "3"
        }
    ],
    "words_result_num": 1
}

(3)源码共享

(3-1)根据 API Key 和 Secret Key 获取 AccessToken

/// 
/// 获取百度access_token
/// 
/// API Key
/// Secret Key
/// 
public static string GetAccessToken(string clientId, string clientSecret)
{
    string authHost = "https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token";
    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
    List> paraList = new List>();
    paraList.Add(new KeyValuePair("grant_type", "client_credentials"));
    paraList.Add(new KeyValuePair("client_id", clientId));
    paraList.Add(new KeyValuePair("client_secret", clientSecret));

    HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsync(authHost, new FormUrlEncodedContent(paraList)).Result;
    string result = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
    JObject jo = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(result);

    string token = jo["access_token"].ToString();
    return token;
}

(3-2)调用API接口获取识别结果

(3-2-1)在Startup.cs 文件 的 Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env) 方法中开启虚拟目录映射功能:

string webRootPath = HostingEnvironment.WebRootPath;//wwwroot目录

app.UseStaticFiles(new StaticFileOptions
{
    FileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(
        Path.Combine(webRootPath, "Uploads", "BaiduAIs")),
    RequestPath = "/BaiduAIs"
});

(3-2-2) 建立Index.cshtml文件

(3-2-2-1)前台代码:

    由于html代码无法原生显示,只能简单说明一下:

    主要是一个form表单,需要设置属性enctype="multipart/form-data",否则无法上传图片;

    form表单里面有几个控件:

一个Input:type="file",asp-for="FileUpload" ,上传图片;

一个Input:type="submit",asp-page-handler="Numbers" ,提交请求。

一个img:src="@Model.curPath",显示识别处理后的图片。

    最后显示后台 msg 字符串列表信息,如果需要输出原始Html代码,则需要使用@Html.Raw()函数。 

(3-2-2-2) 后台代码: 

主程序代码:

[BindProperty]
public IFormFile FileUpload { get; set; }
[BindProperty]
public string ImageUrl { get; set; }
private readonly IHostingEnvironment HostingEnvironment;
public List msg = new List();
public string curPath { get; set; }

string BaiduAI_OCRPath="Uploads//BaiduAIs//";
string BaiduAI_OCRUrl="/BaiduAIs/";
string OCR_API_KEY="你的API KEY";
string OCR_SECRET_KEY="你的SECRET KEY";

public OCRSearchModel(IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
{
    HostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
}
public async Task OnPostNumbersAsync()
{
    if (FileUpload is null)
    {
        ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "请先选择需要识别的图片!");
    }
    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        return Page();
    }
    msg = new List();

    string webRootPath = HostingEnvironment.WebRootPath;//wwwroot目录
    string fileDir = Path.Combine(webRootPath, BaiduAI_OCRPath);
    string imgName = await UploadFile(FileUpload, fileDir);

    string fileName = Path.Combine(fileDir, imgName);
    string imgBase64 = GetFileBase64(fileName);

    DateTime startTime = DateTime.Now;

    string result = GetOCRJson(imgBase64, OCR_API_KEY, OCR_SECRET_KEY);

    DateTime endTime = DateTime.Now;
    TimeSpan ts = endTime - startTime;

    JObject jo = (JObject)JsonStringToObj(result);

    try
    {
        List msgList = jo["words_result"].ToList();
        int number = msgList.Count;
        int curNumber = 1;
        msg.Add("数字识别结果(耗时" + ts.TotalSeconds + "秒):");
        msg.Add("识别信息数(共" + number + "条):");

        List recList = new List();

        foreach (JToken ms in msgList)
        {
            if (number > 1)
            {
                msg.Add("第 " + curNumber.ToString() + " 条:");
            }

            string words = ms["words"].ToString();
            float wleft = float.Parse(ms["location"]["left"].ToString());
            float wtop = float.Parse(ms["location"]["top"].ToString());
            float wwidth = float.Parse(ms["location"]["width"].ToString());
            float wheight = float.Parse(ms["location"]["height"].ToString());
            msg.Add("" + words + "(" + wleft + "," + wtop + "," + wwidth + "," + wheight + ")");
            msg.Add("单字符位置:");
            List charsList = ms["chars"].ToList();

            foreach (JToken cr in charsList)
            {
                string car = cr["char"].ToString();
                float left = float.Parse(cr["location"]["left"].ToString());
                float top = float.Parse(cr["location"]["top"].ToString());
                float width = float.Parse(cr["location"]["width"].ToString());
                float height = float.Parse(cr["location"]["height"].ToString());
                msg.Add("" + car + "(" + left + "," + top + "," + width + "," + height + ")");

                Rectangle rec = new Rectangle(left, top, width, height);
                recList.Add(rec);
            }
            curNumber++;
        }
        string imgSourcePath = Path.Combine(webRootPath, BaiduAI_OCRPath, imgName);
        imgName = GetRandomName() + ".png";
        string imgSavedPath = Path.Combine(webRootPath, BaiduAI_OCRPath, imgName);

        await DrawPolygon(imgSourcePath, imgSavedPath, recList);
        curPath = Path.Combine(BaiduAI_OCRUrl, imgName);
    }
    catch (Exception e1)
    {
        msg.Add(result + ":" + e1.Message);
    }
    return Page();
}

其他相关函数:

/// 
/// 文字识别Json字符串
/// 
/// 图片base64编码
/// API Key
/// Secret Key
/// 
public static string GetOCRJson( string strbaser64, string clientId, string clientSecret)
{
    string token = GetAccessToken(clientId, clientSecret);
    string host = "https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/ocr/v1/numbers?access_token=" + token;
    Encoding encoding = Encoding.Default;
    HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(host);
    request.Method = "post";
    request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
    request.KeepAlive = true;
    string str = "image=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strbaser64);
    str += "&recognize_granularity=small";
    byte[] buffer = encoding.GetBytes(str);
    request.ContentLength = buffer.Length;
    request.GetRequestStream().Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
    HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
    StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);
    string result = reader.ReadToEnd();
    return result;
}

/// 
/// 获取百度access_token
/// 
/// API Key
/// Secret Key
/// 
public static string GetAccessToken(string clientId, string clientSecret)
{
    string authHost = "https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token";
    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
    List> paraList = new List>();
    paraList.Add(new KeyValuePair("grant_type", "client_credentials"));
    paraList.Add(new KeyValuePair("client_id", clientId));
    paraList.Add(new KeyValuePair("client_secret", clientSecret));

    HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsync(authHost, new FormUrlEncodedContent(paraList)).Result;
    string result = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
    JObject jo = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(result);

    string token = jo["access_token"].ToString();
    return token;
}

/// 
/// 生成一个随机唯一文件名(Guid)
/// 
/// 
public static string GetRandomName()
{
    return Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N");
}

/// 
/// 返回图片的base64编码
/// 
/// 文件绝对路径名称
/// 
public static String GetFileBase64(string fileName)
{
    FileStream filestream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open);
    byte[] arr = new byte[filestream.Length];
    filestream.Read(arr, 0, (int)filestream.Length);
    string baser64 = Convert.ToBase64String(arr);
    filestream.Close();
    return baser64;
}

/// 
/// json转为对象
/// 
/// Json字符串
/// 
public static Object JsonStringToObj(string jsonString)
{
    Object s = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonString);
    return s;
}

/// 
/// 上传文件,返回文件名
/// 
/// 文件上传控件
/// 文件绝对路径
/// 
public static async Task UploadFile(IFormFile formFile, string fileDir)
{
    if (!DirectoryExists(directory))
    {
        Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
    }
    string extension = Path.GetExtension(formFile.FileName);
    string imgName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N") + extension;
    var filePath = Path.Combine(fileDir, imgName);

    using (var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
    {
        await formFile.CopyToAsync(fileStream);
    }

    return imgName;
}

/// 
/// 画矩形
/// 
/// 原图
/// 目标图
/// 矩形数据
public static async Task DrawPolygon(string originalPath, string targetPath, List recList)
{
    using (Image image = Image.Load(originalPath))
    {
        foreach (Rectangle rec in recList)
        {
            image.Mutate(
                x => x.DrawPolygon(
                    rec.LineColor,
                    rec.Thinkness,
                    rec.point1, rec.point2, rec.point3, rec.point4));
        }
        image.Save(targetPath);
    }
}

矩形类:

/// 
/// 矩形
/// 
public class Rectangle
{
    /// 
    /// X坐标
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "X坐标")]
    public float X { get; set; }
    /// 
    /// Y坐标
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "Y坐标")]
    public float Y { get; set; }
    /// 
    /// 宽度
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "宽度")]
    public float Width { get; set; }
    /// 
    /// 高度
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "高度")]
    public float Height { get; set; }

    /// 
    /// 线条颜色
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "线条颜色")]
    public Color LineColor { get; set; }
    /// 
    /// 线条厚度
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "线条厚度")]
    public float Thinkness { get; set; }

    /// 
    /// 上左点坐标
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "上左点坐标")]
    public Vector2 point1
    {
        get
        {
            return new Vector2(X, Y);
        }
    }
    /// 
    /// 上右点坐标
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "上右点坐标")]
    public Vector2 point2
    {
        get
        {
            return new Vector2(X + Width, Y);
        }
    }
    /// 
    /// 下右点坐标
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "下右点坐标")]
    public Vector2 point3
    {
        get
        {
            return new Vector2(X + Width, Y + Height);
        }
    }
    /// 
    /// 下左点坐标
    /// 
    [Display(Name = "下左点坐标")]
    public Vector2 point4
    {
        get
        {
            return new Vector2(X, Y + Height);
        }
    }

    public Rectangle()
    {

    }

    /// 
    /// 数据初始化
    /// 
    /// X坐标
    /// Y坐标
    /// 宽度
    /// 高度
    public Rectangle(float x, float y, float width, float height)
    {
        X = x;
        Y = y;
        Width = width;
        Height = height;
        LineColor = Color.Red;
        Thinkness = 1;
    }
}

四、效果测试

1、页面:

2、识别结果:

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

五、测试结果及建议

        从上述的测试结果可以发现,百度的《数字识别》AI技术整体功能还是不错的,基本上可以准确识别出图片中的数字内容。

        不过识别速度跟图片的文字内容多少有关,如果图片文字比较多(图2.4),那识别速度会大大降低,虽然其中数字内容并不是很多,这方面还需要优化一下,如果能够根据数字和非数字的特性,直接过滤非数字内容,然后单独识别数字内容,这样应该能提高数字识别速度。

        另外,还存在部分数字无法识别(漏识别)的情况(图2.1中的“25日多云间晴天”中的“25”没有被识别出来,图2.3的头部条形码下面的数字没有被识别出来),不知道是什么情况,可能存在识别盲区?这里还需要再查找优化一下。

       此外,目前识别的结果,是根据“数字是否在同一行”的情况下,去区分当前图片中有多少条数字内容,这个区分统计不太好,如果可能,将其改进成根据“数字是否紧靠在一起”的规则将其区分统计成有多少条数字内容,这样的区分结果会更加符合人类的统计观念。

      如果能将数字区分统计结果按照“数字是否紧靠在一起”的规则进行统计,那么数字识别这一AI技术完全可以将其运用到提取相关报告的关键数字上去,这样就大大增加了数字识别技术的运用领域了,目前的大部分报告内容,文字内容很多,但多是解释性语言,想要快速获取关键数字信息有点困难,如果能够将报告化成图片,然后快速识别其中的数字内容,这样就能快速掌握报告的关键点,大大提高报告阅读理解速度了。当然,如果能够直接根据文字内容,整理出报告的关键点,那么就更完美了。

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