import os, sys
import glob
from PIL import Image

# 图像存储位置
src_img_dir = "datasets/x-ray/train/JPEGImages"
# 图像的 ground truth 的 txt 文件存放位置
src_txt_dir = "datasets/x-ray/train/Annotations/txt"
src_xml_dir = "datasets/x-ray/train/Annotations"

img_Lists = glob.glob(src_img_dir + '/*.jpg')

img_basenames = []  # e.g. 100.jpg
for item in img_Lists:
    img_basenames.append(os.path.basename(item))

img_names = []  # e.g. 100
for item in img_basenames:
    temp1, temp2 = os.path.splitext(item)
    img_names.append(temp1)

for img in img_names:
    im = Image.open((src_img_dir + '/' + img + '.jpg'))
    width, height = im.size

    # open the crospronding txt file
    gt = open(src_txt_dir + '/' + img + '.txt', 'r', encoding='UTF-8').read().splitlines()
    # gt = open(src_txt_dir + '/gt_' + img + '.txt').read().splitlines()

    # write in xml file
    # os.mknod(src_xml_dir + '/' + img + '.xml')
    xml_file = open((src_xml_dir + '/' + img + '.xml'), 'w', encoding='UTF-8')
    xml_file.write('\n')
    xml_file.write('    JPEGImages\n')
    xml_file.write('    ' + str(img) + '.jpg' + '\n')
    xml_file.write('    \n')
    xml_file.write('        ' + str(width) + '\n')
    xml_file.write('        ' + str(height) + '\n')
    xml_file.write('        3\n')
    xml_file.write('    \n')

    # write the region of image on xml file
    i = 1
    for img_each_label in gt:
        spt = img_each_label.split(' ')  # 这里如果txt里面是以逗号‘，’隔开的，那么就改为spt = img_each_label.split(',')。
        # print(spt)
        # spt打印['Images/s1.jpg', '391', '243', '428', '355', '426', '249', '468', '367', '']
        imax = len(spt)
        for i in range(0, imax - 1 - 4, 4):
            # print(str(spt[i + 1]))
            xml_file.write('    \n')
            xml_file.write('        lighter\n')
            xml_file.write('        Unspecified\n')
            xml_file.write('        0\n')
            xml_file.write('        0\n')
            xml_file.write('        \n')
            xml_file.write('            ' + str(spt[i + 2]) + '\n')
            xml_file.write('            ' + str(spt[i + 3]) + '\n')
            xml_file.write('            ' + str(spt[i + 4]) + '\n')
            xml_file.write('            ' + str(spt[i + 5]) + '\n')
            xml_file.write('        \n')
            xml_file.write('    \n')
    xml_file.write('')

以上代码是txt的标注文件转成voc格式数据的代码示例，有需要的朋友可以自取。